听力背景：
为阻挡大量的墨西哥偷渡者，美国每年要投入20亿美元在漫长的美墨边界线上修筑装备高科技感应设备的高墙，并增加警力。

自从进入夏天以来，美国的边界巡逻直升机不断在美墨西部边界的沙漠地带发现尸体，那是那些试图穿越沙漠偷渡到美国境内的非法移民的尸体。而这些拼死的努力是为了能在美国工作。

从上个世纪20年**始，墨西哥就成为美国移民的重要来源国，二战期间，美国曾招募大批墨西哥人赴美做工，不过战争一结束，他们又被押解出境。现在，墨西哥是移民美国人数最多的国家，移民问题也成为牵制两国关系向前发展的重要因素。 墨西哥官方更愿意将这些非法移民称作“无证移民”。目前在美国的墨西哥“无证移民”有400余万甚至更多。他们干的是美国人不干的最苦最累的活儿，拿的是最低的工资，享受不到最起码的社会福利，更没有任何社会地位可言。 美国加州大学的一份研究报告称，“无证移民”对美国国内生产总值的贡献大约为1540亿美元。这些人小心翼翼地生活，惟恐出现半点差错，哪怕给人揍了一顿，也不敢叫警察；女性被强奸，也只能忍气吞声不敢去告发。
美国政府也承认墨西哥移民的贡献，并考虑启动墨美两国“智能边境”计划，在两国边境地区配备先进的仪器设备，严防恐怖分子从两国边境进入美国，同时也利用这些设备加强打击毒品走私和非法移民的活动。但在是否给予墨西哥移民合法身份的问题上，美国一直没能给出正面回答。

以下是加拿大华人网上的一篇报道
记者冒死跟拍非法移民前往美国的艰难全程
http://www.sinoca.com/news/world/2013-08-15/284344.html

第一部分音频👇

240'

pledge
1⃣保证，正式承诺 n. v.
the government honour its election pledge 履行竞选诺言
has given a pledge that....
pledge $100 million in humiliation
pledge allegiance to my country 对国家宣誓效忠
pledge oneself to

Arizona 亚利桑那州
Tucson 图森 亚利桑那州南部城市
San Diego 圣地亚哥
Nogales 诺加勒斯
7-11 711连锁超市
Iowa 衣阿华州
supervise ➡ surveil ➡ surveillant
surveillance 监视

stretch
1⃣撑大 stretch shoes
2⃣拉紧，绷直 the rope is stretched tight
3⃣身体舒展 stretched and yawned lazily
4⃣延绵，延伸 fields and hills stretched out as far as we could see
5⃣大量使用消耗,使竭尽全力 stretched the country's resources to the limit
6⃣随意歪曲，滥用 stretch the truth alittle

death toll 死亡率

distress
1⃣忧虑，悲伤，痛苦
cause great distress
deep emotional distress
2⃣贫穷，困苦
economic/financial distress
3⃣船，飞机等 遇难 a distress signal a boat in distress

flagged down 挥手示意停下

agent
1⃣代理人 surrogate
2⃣原动力 an agent for social change
3⃣化学剂 cleaning/oxidizing agents
4⃣施事者，行为主体

It sounds to me like 我听到的是

vault
1⃣地下金库，地下室，拱顶
the vault of the cathedral
2⃣跳跃，撑杆跳 vault over the fence and ran away

stampede
逃窜，蜂拥，争先恐后 v. n.
be killed in the stampede
a stampede broke out when the doors opened
the storm stampede the cattle
children came stampedeing out of the school

shape the strategy分析策略
Achilles heel 唯一的致命弱点，阿喀琉斯之踵
southbound向南方的

Two weeks ago, President Bush toured the southwest and promised to spend more than ever before to stop illegal immigrants from crossing our 2,000-mile border with Mexico. It’s not the first time a president has pledged to do that. In there early 90s, the Clinton administration also vowed to tighten the US-Mexican border. Since then, the US government has tripled the budget for border control, spending a small fortune on surveillance technology, not to mention thousands of additional border patrol agents. All of that was supposed to make it harder for illegal immigrants to cross over in cities and towns along the border. And it did. So why are some of the same people who designed the strategy now saying it’s been a huge waste of taxpayers’ money? Because it’s done nothing to stop migrants from coming here illegally. What it has done, they say, is to force those migrants to cross remote and treacherous stretches of desert, where many are dying.

The death toll is so high that the Border Patrol now has a special unit whose only job is to help migrants in trouble. Officer Garrett Neubauer has just received a distress call about 20 miles north of the border in southern Arizona.
Neubauer: “ What we had is a person who walked out to one of the roads, flagged down some agents, waved them down and stated that he had left his friend out on the desert.” The migrant they’re looking for is an 18-year-old Mexican named Abran Gonzales, who has been wandering in the desert for seven days. Agents have narrowed the search area and have found one of his shoes. Neubauer: “ That’s what we’re looking for, and that’s why I wanted to see his shoe. Just to kind of get an idea of what his other shoe looks like. So I know what I’m looking for on the ground. It sounds to me like he’s kind of out of it. He’s dehydrated. His condition is going downhill, so he’s probably not thinking rationally.” Agent Neubauer has good reason to be concerned. We took a first-hand look at the paths taken by migrants through the desert this summer when temperatures 4 hovered above 100 degrees for weeks at a time. This year, the Border Patrol has reported a recorded 464 deaths, but by all accounts the number is much all accounts higher because of bodies that haven’t been found. Dr Bruce Parks is Tucson’s Medical Examiner. Correspondent: “How long have you been here?” Parks: “17 years.” Correspondent: “ Have you ever seen anything like this?” Parks: “No.There are so many bodies, they won’t fit in the vaults in the corner’s morgue. When we visited, Dr. Parks had found a place to put an extra 60 bodies. Parks: “So this is the refrigerator truck that we had to rent at the cost of $1,000 a week…: Correspondent: “Because you don’t have enough room in there for the bodies, you have to put them in here?”Parks: “Right.” 12 years ago, things were very different. Back then no migrants died in the desert. That’s because it was easier to come in through American cities along the border. Too easy, according to Mark Reed, who was the top immigration official in San Diego. Reed: “When I got there, our inspectors were hiding in the inspection booths for fear of stepping out and being run over, literally trampled by people running through the port of entry itself and through the booths where the cars were, over the top of immigration inspectors if necessary.” Correspondent: “How many would come at one time?” Reed: “There were groups of 500 people running up the southbound lanes of I-5
These pictures are from back then. The migrants had figured out that if there were enough of them, most of them could get through. The stampeds occurred with such frequency that
they became a public relations embarrassment to government officials.

第二部分音频👇

240'

smuggler走私者，偷渡者
ward off 防止，避免
ward off criticism
ward him off

ward
1⃣病房，科室 surgical ward
2⃣选区 受监护人
the child is made a ward of court 这个孩子由法院监护

forte长处 ➡fortify
1⃣支撑，增强
fortify the determination/body/comfidence/onself
2⃣防卫，建防御工事于 fortify the coastal areas

fortune ➡ fortuitous 巧合的，偶然发生的
bipartisan➡ bi❌ part(y) ❌isan a. 两党的
coroner 验尸官
dehydrated a.脱水的
deterrent n. 威慑
meatpacking n.肉类加工业
morgue n.停尸房
barbed wire
barb ➡ barbecue ➡ barbed 带有倒钩的，尖刻的，锋利的
bottom line 底线

The Clinton administration decided something had to be done. Huge metal walls went up, high-tech surveillance systems were purchased—and they did seal off major cities along the border, but not the mountains and desert in between. Mark Reed helped shape the strategy.
Reed: “We thought the mountains and the desert were going to be our friends in terms of this strategy. We thought that would deter entry through those places. And that those would be places that we would not have to worry about.” Correspondent：“Because it was so difficult to get through here?” Reed: “So difficult to get through there. Its’ so long and so expensive, it turned out to be our Achilles heel.” Correspondent: “Because that’s exactly where they went?” Reed: “That’s where the smugglers took them.” In this remote stretch of desert across from New Mexico, we met a smuggler and 11 young men
preparing to enter the United States. The men rubbed garlic on their pants and shoes to ward off snakes. Then they crossed a three-foot barbed wire fence—each one carrying two gallons of water—nowhere near enough for a journey that could take five or six days. This year, about half a million illegal migrants will come from Mexico to live and work in the US, about twice as many as came before the border was fortified.
Reed: “It actually encouraged more people to enter the country because what we did is we took away the ability of a worker to come into the country and cross back and forth fairly freely. So they started bringing their families in and actually domiciling in the United States with their entire family because they knew they couldn’t go back and forth.” More than 20 percent of the deaths n the desert this year were women and children. The Border Patrol recorded 1.1 million arrests this year, but often it’s the same people being arrested over and over again. That’s according to T.J. Bonner, who is the head of the Border Patrol agents union. Bonner: “I have caught the same group of people four times in one eight-hour shift.” Correspondent: “Four times in one eight-hour shift.” Bonner: “Four times.” Correspondent: “So you sent them back, they try to come in another way.” Bonner: “When I looked in the record log the next day, their names weren’t there. So I can only assume that they got by us on the fifth time.” Fortified fences like this one in Nogales, Arizona, protect only about five percent of the US-Mexican border. Correspondent: “If you look at the total number of illegal migrants coming into the country, do you think the number is more or less since this barrier went up?” Bonner: “It’s more.” Correspondent: “So, if more people are coming in today than were coming in before the fence went up, then all of the millions of dollars that went into building the thing was a waste of money.” Bonner: “I think that’s a fair assessment.” The US government has spent about $20 billion on border control over the past 12 years. But Republican Congressman Tom Tancredo insists the problem is that’s just not enough. He is sponsoring a bill that calls for more agents to remove illegal migrants where they work and to vastly increase border security. Rep Tancredo: “If you only put the fence, you know, for this five miles of the border, people will go around it, naturally. You have to secure your borders!” Correspondent: “So you would recommend sealing off the entire border, building fences all along the border?” Rep Tancredo: “ Absolutely.” Correspondent: “How much more should we spend?” Tancredo: “Whatever it takes.” Correspondent: :Billions more.” Rep Tancredo: “Billions more. Ed, why not? It is our job. It is what the federal government should be doing!” The University of California’s Wayne Cornelius, a national authority on immigration, predicted ten years ago that no matter what the government does to fortify the border, Mexican workers will still keep coming as long as there are jobs here for them. Cornelius: “ They can earn more in an hour of work in the United States that they could in an entire day in Mexico—if they had a job.” Correspondent: “It’s very clear we are telling them not to come, and it should be very clear to them that if they do come through the desert, they are breaking the law.

第三部分音频👇

346'

nefarious a.邪恶的，罪恶的
porous a. 易穿过的，多孔的
trample v. 践踏
treacherous a. 变幻莫测的，不可靠的
by all accounts 具大家所说
crack down on 打击，镇压
distress call 遇险信号
guest worker 外来打工者
implication
imply ➡implication
1⃣暗指 牵连
his implication in a sex scandal
2⃣可能的结果作用
the development of the site will have implications for the surrounding coutryside
consider the implications of their action
nefarious 邪恶的，罪恶的
consulate领事馆
in part 某种程度上

they are breaking the law.” Cornelius: “But we are sending them a very mixed message. The message that we’re sending them is if you can get past the obstacle course at the border, you’re essentially home free. You have pretty much unrestricted access to our labor market and there are employers out there eager for your labor.”
About six million illegal migrants are now working in the US. The meatpacking industry is one of the many that rely on illegal immigrant labor. Seven years ago, the Immigration Service cracked down on illegal migrants in plants in Nebraska and Iowa. Mark Reed was in charge of the operation. Reed: “ What we did is we pulled together the meatpacking industry in the states of Nebraska and Iowa and brought them into Washington and told them that we were not going to allow them to hire any more unauthorized workers. Within 30 days over 3,500 people fled the meatpacking industry in Nebraska.” Correspondent: “So, this was a huge success. I mean you had thousands of illegal immigrants leaving.” Reed: “We proved that the government without doubt had the capacity to deny employment to unauthorized workers.” Correspondent: “What happened next?” Reed: “We were invited to leave Nebraska by the same delegation that invited us in. the bottom line issue was, please leave our state before you ruin our economy.” Correspondent: “You set up a program that results in thousands of illegal workers leaving.” Reed: “Yes.” Correspondent: “And the government officials that invite you in tell you to stop?” Reed: “The reason for that is that by putting that factory out of business, not only do we put the unauthorized workers out of business, but we’ve put United States citizens out of business and we destroy, we have the potential to destroy an entire community.” Correspondent: “The bottom line, though, seems to be that this illegal work force is important to our economy.” Reed: “Absolutely, it’s essential to our economy.” Correspondent: “So what are the taxpayers getting for the billions and billions of dollars that have been spent on securing the border?” Reed: “Getting a good story.” Correspondent: “But not a secure border.” Reed: “Do not have a secure border.”
The latest attempt to secure the Mexican border is this $14 million pilotless drone, which scans the desert for intruders and potential terrorists. Fear of terrorism is the latest reason that large bipartisan majorities in Congress have voted to increase the Border Patrol’s budget. Spokesman: “This represents another step in our nations’ response to possible terrorists seeking entry into the United States.” Tancredo: “There are national security implications to porous borders. There really are. I mean, people who are coming into this

country and who want to come into this country for very nefarious purposes, not just to come here to work at the 7-11…no, they’re coming for other purposes.”Correspondent: “How many terrorists have we caught on the Mexican border?” Cornelius: “Zero.” Correspondent; “Then maybe you could say that building all of these walls and fortifications and having thousands of border agents does work as a deterrent?” Cornelius: “They don’t need to come in that way. They can purchase the best forged documents in the world. The real danger is that they will come through our legal ports of entry with valid visas, just like the 9.11 terrorists did.” They are now 11,000 Border Patrol agents, three times as many as there were 12 years ago. Only 1000 of them are assigned to find illegal migrants where they work. Nearly all spend their time making arrests and dropping migrants off on the Mexican side of the border. Reed: “Talk with anybody that may have been arrested out there in the desert. They’ll tell you, number one, I’m just coming here to get a job because you have a job to give me and you want me to be here for that job. I’m not doing anything really wrong. America wants me.” In the Arizona desert, Border Patrol Agent Neubauer gets word (that) 18-year-old Abran Gonzales, who had been wandering in the desert for seven days, has been found. Abran Gonzales had died of thirst just a few hours earlier. Neubauer: “It’s hard to know that maybe you could have been out there to help this person, and just weren’t able to. But that’s something you have to deal with and move on.” Gonzalez came from this small town in southern Mexico. He’d gone to the US to earn enough money to buy a new tin roof for his parents’ house. The parents had borrowed $300 for Abran to make the trip, money the parents still owe. Casimira: “Here he is as a boy when he was 12 years old.” His cousin, Casimira Manuel, was the first to be told. Casimira: “The man from the consulate called and told me they found Abran in the Arizona desert and he was dead. He was a quiet kid. He never hurt anybody. He just wanted to work and come back home.
The immigration issue poses a major political dilemma for President Bush in part because the Republican Party is split over what to do. Some party leaders prefer a get-tougher-approach along the border while many business-orientated Republicans say the economy needs migrant workers. President Bush is now offering a solution to please both. A drastic increase in spending to tighten the border and the largest ever guest worker program.


2016.7.30