📣📣📣下面总结了一些儿科常见的健康教育，我们护理人员可以根据实际情况给予适当的建议：


📣📣📣◆感冒发烧：

17'

1．Remember to give your child more fluids．Don’t dress him／her too warmly and don’t cover him／her under heavy covers．Also，keep the indoor air circulating．
记得给您的孩子多吃流质的饮食。不要给他／她穿太多的衣服，也不要盖太厚的被子。并且保持室内空气流通。

16'

2．Bathe your child and change his／her clothes every day．Also keep quiet when your baby is taking a rest.Limit his／her activities if necessary。
每天要帮您的孩子洗澡更衣，保持身体清洁与舒适。另外，要尽量保持安静，让您的孩子有充分的休息。必要时可限制他／她的活动。

15'

3.If the child has convulsions，feels drowsy or lethargic, vomits seriously，or has cyanosis，take him／her to the emergency room immediately．
如果小孩发烧时，有抽筋昏睡、活力变差、厉害呕吐或发绀的情形，要即刻送回医院诊治。

36'

4.Bringing down your child’s temperature takes several days．Please take his／her temperature every four hours at home．If his／her armpit 's temperature is over 37．5 degrees centigrade，lie him／he down on an ice pillow．Don't give the child oral antipyretic until his／her temperature is above 38．5 degrees centigrade．Give him／her asuppository if above 39 degrees centigrade．
您的孩子的温度需数日才能完全消退，她的体温。若他／她的腋温在37．5℃38．5℃以上才给他／她吃口服退烧药。请回家后每4小时测量一次他／以上就给他／她使用冰枕。若在若39℃以上的话就要帮他／她塞肛门塞剂了。


📣📣📣◆腹泻

27'

1．When your baby has diarrhea，you have to observe and keep record of the stool，like how many times your baby has bowel movements a day，the volume of stool each time，and the color of the stool．The best thing is to take the baby’s last stool with you when you take him／her to the doctor．当您的孩子有腹泻的情形时，要观察及记录大便性质，如您的孩子大便的次数、大便量、颜色等。最好能带最后一次的大便，供医师参考。

12'

2．You could make the formula lighter．If necessary，you can use the non-1 actose formula to avoid dyspepsia.
宝宝的牛奶，可将配方奶泡淡一些(如1／2浓度)。必要时，可改用含乳糖的婴儿配方奶，以避免吸收不良。



16'

3．When your baby gets a more severe diarrhea，don’t feed him／her anythingfor four hours to let his／her gastrointestinal tract rest．
当您的孩子腹泻比较严重时，可以暂停进食4小时，让肠胃道休息。

21'

4．Even if the baby can’t eat anything for a while，you still have to take care of his／her oral hygiene．Dip a cottonswab in lukehygiene warm boiled water to clean the mouth cavity and moisten his／her lips．
虽然宝宝暂时不能吃东西，但还是要注意他／她的口腔卫生。用棉花沾开水将口腔内擦干净或润湿嘴唇。

29'

5．Clean the baby’S buttocks after each bowel movement．Dip cotton swabs in lukewarm water and clean his／her buttocks gently．Keep his／her buttocks dry to prevent diaper rash．If your baby already has diaper rash, apply prescriptive ointment when the skin is dry．
宝宝大便后要维持臀部清洁。可用棉花沾温水轻擦洗，并保持干燥.避免宝宝得到尿布疹。如果已有尿布疹，皮肤干后再用医师开的药膏．帮宝宝擦药。



📣📣📣◆咳痰

11'

1．It's not easy for babies to cough up sputum.So you should thump lightly on his／her back to help him／her get it out．
宝宝比较不容易自己咳痰，所以您应帮宝宝拍背，好让痰比较容易排出。

26'

2．Lie the baby down on his／her back and keep the head upward．Then，lightly thump the right and left sides of the chest down from the shoulder．Then，turn the baby face down and，while still keeping the head upward，and thump the right and left sides of the back down from the shoulder．
先让宝宝仰躺头抬高，由肩部往下轻拍前胸左右侧，之后再将宝宝脸朝下，保持头抬高，由肩部往下拍后背的左右侧。



34'

3．Afterwards，turn the baby face up and keep the head downward．Thump the chest from the ribs to the shoulder．Then，turn the baby on one side and lift his／her arm．Thump the baby’s body from the waist to the armpit．Lastly，turn him／her face down and keep the head downward．Thump the right and left sides of the back from the waist to the shoulder．再来将宝宝的脸朝上头低，由肋骨往肩部拍前胸，再让宝宝侧躺手臂提起，由腰往腋下拍击，最后则是脸朝下头低，由腰往肩部抬后背左右侧。

25'

4．Take off your watch and other jewelry，and make sure your nails are short to prevent your baby from getting hurt while thumping his／her back．Also，don’t do this directly after meals．Do it before meals，or wait at least one hour after meals to keep your baby from vomiting．你们在帮宝宝拍背时要避免戴手表、手链或留指甲，以免对他／她造成伤害。还有，要避免在吃饱后做。最好在饭前或吃饱后一小时做以免呕吐。

25'

5．Avoid thumping close to the important organs or areas where you can see skeletal structure，such as the spine ，the center of the chest，and the abdomen.Do these spots lightly with your fingers instead．如果遇到重要器官或骨头明显突出的地方，如脊椎、前胸中央及肚子则应避免重击，而改用手指轻拍。



📣📣📣◆注射疫苗

29'

1．There are three shots for the diphtheria．pertussis—tetanus vaccine[-DPT vaccine-]and are given with two monthintervals．The Oral Poliovirus Vaccine(OPV)must be taken three times with two month intervals．After one year，your child should get a booster shot．Before he／she gose to school，he／she should get another booster shot．
白喉、百日咳、破伤风三台一疫苗，是每两月一针，共三针，小儿麻痹疫苗，每两月口服一次，共三次。隔一年后，注射一次加强剂，入学前再注射一次加强剂。

9'

2．The Bacillus Calmette—Guerin(BCG)vaccine could be given on the secondday after birth．卡介苗于出生后第二天就可按种。

12'

3．Themeasles，mumps，andrubella vaccines I should be given when your child is one year old．
麻疹疫苗、德国麻疹疫苗及腮腺炎疫苗，则是在满一岁时各注射一次。



7'

4．When you bathe her，try to avoid the vaccination area．
当您给她洗澡时，要避开接种的地方。

20'

5. The meningococcal vaccine should be given when your child is one year old．Give the meningococcal vaccine two times in the first year．Let him／her get the second shot two weeks after the first shot．Then let him／her get the booster shot every May or June．
脑炎疫苗当您的孩子满一岁站可以开始接种。第一年共注射两次。第一与第二次隔二星期。以后每年五月或六月间加强一次。

✍✍✍词汇补充✍✍✍

● antipyretic
英[ˌæntipaɪˈretɪk]美[ˌæntipaɪˈrɛtɪk, ˌæntaɪ-]
adj.退热的，退烧的
n.退烧药

● dyspepsia
英[dɪsˈpepsiə]美[dɪsˈpepʃə]
n.消化不良

● gastrointestinal
英[ˌgæstrəʊɪnˈtestɪnl]美[ˌgæstroʊɪnˈtestɪnl]
adj.胃与肠的

● hygiene
英[ˈhaɪdʒi:n]美[ˈhaɪˌdʒin]
n.卫生，卫生学；保健法

● skeletal
英[ˈskelətl]美[ˈskɛlɪtl]
adj.骨骼的，骸骨的；骨瘦如柴的

● spine
英[spaɪn]美[spaɪn]
n.脊柱；脊椎；（动植物的）刺；书脊

● abdomen
英[ˈæbdəmən]美[ˈæbdəmən]
n.腹部；[虫]腹部；下腹；腹腔